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Mécanique statistique des systèmes désordonnés, en particulier inspirés par des systèmes à l'interface avec la biologie
(3) Production(s) de l'année 2015
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Simple models for complex physics 
Auteur(s): Kern N.
(H.D.R.)
, 2015Texte intégral en Openaccess : 
Ref HAL: tel-01930091_v1
Exporter : BibTex | endNote
Résumé: Résumé de mon travail de recherche et de l'encadrement de la recherche : simulations du comportement de phases de protéines, structure et écoulement de mousses de savon, transport stochastique
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Deconstructing TASEP transport on networks
Auteur(s): Kern N.
(Séminaires)
University of Aberdeen (Aberdeen, GB), 2015-07-15
Résumé: The Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process is a minimal model for 1d out-of-equilibrium transport, which is not only relevant to fundamental physics but also to many applications. It is useful for modelling the action of ribosomes during transcription, but can also be applied to describe molecular motors as they transport cargos along the bio-filaments. With a view to ultimately modelling processes relevant to cytoskeletal transport, we explore here simple scenarios for networks, and in particular for their topology. The junctions interconnecting the filaments turn out to play a crucial role, both for understanding transport on a network as well as for controlling it.
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Long-Distance Rescue and Slow Extinction Dynamics Govern Multiscale Metapopulations
Auteur(s): Huth G., Haegeman Bart, Pitard E., Munoz François
(Article) Publié:
American Naturalist, vol. 186 p.460-469 (2015)
Ref HAL: hal-01254432_v1
DOI: 10.1086/682947
WoS: 000362840100006
Exporter : BibTex | endNote
6 Citations
Résumé: Rare long-distance dispersal is known to be critical for species dynamics, but how the interplay between short- and long-distance colonization influences regional persistence in a fragmented habitat remains poorly understood. We propose a metapopulation model that combines local colonization within habitat islands and long-distance colonization between islands. We study how regional occupancy dynamics are affected by the multiscale colonization process. We find that the island size distribution (ISD) is a key driver of the long-term occupancy dynamics. When the ISD is heterogeneous—that is, when the size of islands is variable—we show that extinction dynamics become very slow. We demonstrate that this behavior is unrelated to the well-known extinction debt near the critical extinction threshold. Hence, this finding questions the equivalence between extinction debt and critical transitions in the context of metapopulation collapse. Furthermore, we show that long-distance colonization can rescue small islands from extinction and sustain a steady regional occupancy. These results provide novel theoretical and practical insights into extinction dynamics and persistence in fragmented habitats and are thus relevant for the design of conservation strategies.
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