Hypometabolism has been observed in the contralesional cerebellar hemisphere after various supratentorial cortical lesions. It is unknown whether the consequences of the dee- and deafferentation subsequent to wide-awake surgery for brain diffuse low-grade glioma can be assessed within remote and unresected subcortical structures such as the cerebellum or thalamus. To answer this question, we have conducted several regional analyses. More specifically, we have performed amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (neuronal activity magnitude) and regional homogeneity (local temporal correlations) analyses on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data and at different time points, before and after surgery. Our main results demonstrated that it is possible to evaluate subtle subcortical changes using these tools dedicated to the analysis of rs-fMRI data. The observed variations of spontaneous neuronal activity were particularly significant within the cerebellum which showed altered regional homogeneity and neuronal activity intensity in very different, specialized and non-overlapping subregions, in accordance to its neuro-anatomo-functional topography. These variations were moreover observed in the immediate postoperative period and recovered after 3 months.

The morphology and the nanomechanical properties of single casein micelles (CMs) in their native state were investigated using AFM in liquid environment. A novel immobilization method of CMs using low energy interactions was developed and compared with a well-known chemical immobilization method involving direct covalent bonds.For the classic method, CMs were covalently bound via carbodiimide chemistry to a gold-sputtered glass surface precoated with carboxyl groups. For the proposed method an indirect immobilization of CMs was realized via anti-human phospho-Ser/Thr/Tyr mouse monoclonal antibody covalently bound onto a gold-coated slide via carbodiimide chemistry. In both methods, immobilized CMs were then analyzed by AFM in their native environment represented by a simulated milk ultrafiltrate at room temperature.With the classic method of immobilization, some CMs remained mobile in liquid condition during the probe sample interaction. Conversely, with the novel method, CMs were well immobilized allowing the extraction of both surface topography and elastic properties by AFM in liquid. Morphologic characteristics were obtained from 2D and 3D images (Figure1). Data analyses allowed the calculation of diameters, heights and contact angles of native CMs. They are characterized by a mean width of 148 ± 8 nm and a mean height of 42 ± 1 nm. Low forces were applied on immobilized CM to calculate force-vs-indentation curves fitted using Hertz theory in order to determine Young Moduli (E*) which represents elasticity. Their elasticity distribution exhibited a unimodal trend, with an elasticity pic centered at 269 ± 14 kPa.

Cyclin A2 is a key player in the regulation of the cell cycle. Its degradation in mid-mitosis depends primarily on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), while autophagy also contributes. However, a fraction of cyclin A2 persists beyond metaphase. In this work, we focus on cyclin A2-rich foci detected in mitosis by high resolution imaging and analyse their movements. We demonstrate that cyclin A2 interacts with actin and RhoA during mitosis, and that cyclin A2 depletion induces a dramatic decrease in active RhoA in mitosis. Our data suggest cyclin A2 participation in RhoA activation in late mitosis.

Binary c–T phase diagrams of organogelators in solvent are frequently simplified to two domains, gel and sol, even when the melting temperatures display two distinct regimes, an increase with T and a plateau. Herein, the c–T phase diagram of an organogelator in solvent is elucidated by rheology, DSC, optical microscopy, and transmitted light intensity measurements. We evidence a miscibility gap between the organogelator and the solvent above a threshold concentration, cL. In this domain the melting or the formation of the gel becomes a monotectic transformation, which explains why the corresponding temperatures are nonvariant above cL. As shown by further studies by variable temperature FTIR and NMR, different types of H-bonds drive both the liquid–liquid phase separation and the gelation.

Selective deposition of peptides from liquid solutions to n- and p-doped silicon has been demonstrated. The selectivity is governed by peptide/silicon adhesion differences. A noninvasive, fast characterization of the obtained peptide layers is required to promote their application for interfacing silicon-based devices with biological material. In this study we show that spectroscopic ellipsometrya method increasingly used for the investigation of biointerfacescan provide essential information about the amount of adsorbed peptide material and the degree of coverage on silicon surfaces.We observed the formation of peptide multilayers for a strongly binding adhesion peptide on p-doped silicon.Application of the patterned layer ellipsometric evaluation method combined with Sellmeier dispersion led to physically consistent results, which describe well the optical properties of peptide layers in the visible spectral range. This evaluation allowed the estimation of surface coverage, which is an important indicator of adsorption quality. The ellipsometric findings were well supported by atomic force microscopy results.