Sommaire:

Nanoparticles have significant advantages for biomedical applications, especially for the vectorization (possibly traceable) of active biomolecules, for labeling, or even as probes of some physicochemical parameters at the nanoscale. The diamond nanocrystal (nanodiamond) is a remarkable system with intrinsic properties allowing all these applications simultaneously. We will show that nanodiamonds rendered fluorescent by the creation of embedded color centers, can be used to measure the intraneuronal transport parameters in cultured neurons. Thanks to the high brightness and the excellent stability of nanodiamond photoluminescence we were able to correlate intraneuronal transport abnormalities to subtle genetic alterations found in neuropsychiatric disorders. Such an approach could provide an unbiased diagnosis of these complex diseases. In an other biomedical application, still in cultured cells, we used nanodiamond coated with cationic polymer to transport therapeutic oligonucleotides (RNAi) against the sequence of a junction oncogene responsible for Ewing sarcoma (a rare bone cancer). Compared to a conventional approach, the vectorization of the interfering RNA by the nanodiamond lead to a stronger inhibition of the oncogene responsible of cell proliferation. We will conclude by in vivo prospects of these two applications (transport intraneuronal and nanomedicine), and present several imaging modalities of nanodiamonds allowing their detection in tissues with highly reduce autofluorescence background.

Pour plus d'informations, merci de contacter Rousseau E.